NetworkLabNotes/main.tex

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\begin{document}

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\title{r17dinh409}
\author{Christoffer Hansen <zbcchhan11 at zbc.dk>}
\date{May 22 - June 30, 2017}
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\tableofcontents

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% BEGIN CHAPTER: Base Configuration                  %
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\chapter{Base Configuration}

\section{Cisco Lab}

% <!-- ROUTER -->

\subsection{Router}
\subsubsection{File: base.cfg}
%\lstinputlisting[language=tcl]{code/router/base.cfg}
\subsubsection{File: reset.tcl}
%\lstinputlisting[language=tcl]{code/router/reset.tcl}

\newpage

% <!-- LAYER 3 SWITCH -->

\subsection{Layer 3 Switch}
\subsubsection{FILE: base.cfg}
\lstinputlisting[language=tcl]{code/l3switch/base.cfg}
\subsubsection{FILE: reset.tcl}
\lstinputlisting[language=tcl]{code/l3switch/reset-tcl.txt}
\subsubsection{FILE: resetvlans.tcl}
\lstinputlisting[language=tcl]{code/l3switch/resetvlans-tcl.txt}

\newpage

% <!-- LAYER 2 SWITCH -->

\subsection{Layer 2 Switch}
\subsubsection{FILE: base.cfg}
\lstinputlisting[language=tcl]{code/l2switch/base.cfg}
\subsubsection{FILE: reset.tcl}
\lstinputlisting[language=tcl]{code/l2switch/reset-tcl.txt}
\subsubsection{FILE: resetvlans.tcl}
\lstinputlisting[language=tcl]{code/l2switch/resetvlans-tcl.txt}

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% BEGIN CHAPTER: Protocols                           %
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\chapter{Protocols}

\section{Routed Network}

\subsection{OSPF}
\subsection{IS-IS}
\subsection{EIGRP}
\subsection{RIP}
\subsection{Static}
\subsection{BGP}

\newpage

\section{Switch Network}

\subsection{VTP}
\fig{vtp/implementing-vtp}{imp-vtp1}{VTP}

\subsubsection{VTP Modes}
The tree modes a VTP \textit{enabled} device can operate are
\begin{itemize}
    \item Transparent
    \item Server
    \item Client
\end{itemize}
Of course you can \textit{disable} VTP altogether.

Key things to be aware of \textit{before} enabling VTP in your environment is to make double sure of only having 1 VTP domain. \textbf{If} 2 or more VTP domains exists. Be triple sure to separate them! As to avoid having an VTP server DB overridden with data from another VTP domain.

The three VTP modes \textit{operates} as follow
\begin{itemize}
    \item Transparent
    \begin{itemize}
        \item Creates, modifies and deletes \textit{local} vlans only
        \item Forwards advertisements
        \item Does \textit{not} synchronizes vlan configurations.
    \end{itemize}
    \item Server
    \begin{itemize}
        \item Creates, modifies and deletes vlans
        \item Sends and forwards advertisements
        \item Synchronizes vlan configurations
    \end{itemize}
    \begin{itemize}
        \item Cannot create, modify or delete vlans
        \item Send and forwards advertisements
        \item Synchronizes vlan configurations
    \end{itemize}
\end{itemize}

\subsubsection{VTP Announcement}
VTP operates with announcements sent out in intervals. Summarized it amounts to
\begin{itemize}
    \item 1 \textit{summary} announcement per 5th minute from the server
    \item The summary announcement informs clients of the current revision
    \item An announcement is sent out \textit{on the spot} when a change has been made on the VTP server
\end{itemize}

Do remember it is \textbf{only} the VTP server which has the vlan configuration stored \textbf{on disk}. All device clients and transparent nodes do only store the vlans delegated by VTP in memory.

\subsubsection{Common Issues}
\begin{itemize}
    \item Different/Incompatible VTP versions
    \item Wrong password
    \item Incorrect mode name
    \item No server set (all devices configured in transparent/client/vtp disabled mode)
\end{itemize}

\subsubsection{VTP Versions}
\begin{itemize}
    \item Version 1
    \item Version 2
    \begin{itemize}
        \item Version-dependent	transparent	mode
        \item Consistencycheck
        \item Token ring support
        \item Unrecognized type-length-value support
    \end{itemize}
    \item Version 3 (not "yet" common)
    \begin{itemize}
        \item Extended VLAN support: Allow ranges are 1-1005,1018-2095. Not mentioned vlans ranges up to 4095 is still reserved.
        \item Domain name is not automatically learned.
        \item Better security.
        \item Better database propagation.
        \item MST now supported.
    \end{itemize}
\end{itemize}

\subsubsection{VTP Pruning}
The art of only allowing the vlan traffic to flow on \textit{necessary} links.

This means if there are no clients in a vlan on a device. Then no traffic for the inactive vlans is send down-/upstream on the link in question.
\fig{vtp/vtp-pruning}{vtpruning1}{VTP Pruning}

\subsubsection{Security}
It is \textbf{strongly} recommended to enable the security features supported in VTP.

\textbf{Password:} MD5 hashing, Case-sensitive, Length between 8 and 64 chars.

\notice{VTP Scaling}{
As the network grows and grows and grows and grows some more over long/short timespans.
You will \textbf{for certain} come to cross-rode, where you \textbf{must} consider to
go away from using VTP in the network. The problems of managing an elderly network and
wiping and re-introducing nodes in the network. You \textbf{will} face the issue of a
wiped vlan database from the VTP domain.
}

\subsubsection{Example configuration}
\lstinputlisting{code/vtp/example.cfg}

\subsection{Channel Bundling (aka. EtherChannel, PortChannel)}
Channel bundling is the "art" of using multiple physical links as one single logical link in when viewed from the perspective of the forwarding plane.

Technologies:
\begin{itemize}
    \item \textbf{PAgP:} The Cisco-only thingy
    \item \textbf{LACP:} The IETF standard
\end{itemize}



\subsubsection{Example configuration}
\lstinputlisting{code/channelbundling/example.cfg}

\newpage

\section{Spanning Tree}

\subsection{STP}
\subsection{PVST}
\subsection{RPVST+}
\subsection{MTP}


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\chapter{Internet}

\section{BGP}

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