mirror of
https://gitlab.com/netravnen/NetworkLabNotes.git
synced 2024-12-23 20:57:53 +00:00
Seperated chapters from the main document
This commit is contained in:
parent
bc71224388
commit
63bf957a87
35
chapter/baseconf.tex
Normal file
35
chapter/baseconf.tex
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
|
|||
\chapter{Base Configuration}
|
||||
|
||||
\section{Cisco Lab}
|
||||
|
||||
% <!-- ROUTER -->
|
||||
|
||||
\subsection{Router}
|
||||
\subsubsection{File: base.cfg}
|
||||
%\lstinputlisting[language=tcl]{code/router/base.cfg}
|
||||
\subsubsection{File: reset.tcl}
|
||||
%\lstinputlisting[language=tcl]{code/router/reset.tcl}
|
||||
|
||||
\newpage
|
||||
|
||||
% <!-- LAYER 3 SWITCH -->
|
||||
|
||||
\subsection{Layer 3 Switch}
|
||||
\subsubsection{FILE: base.cfg}
|
||||
\lstinputlisting[language=tcl]{code/l3switch/base.cfg}
|
||||
\subsubsection{FILE: reset.tcl}
|
||||
\lstinputlisting[language=tcl]{code/l3switch/reset-tcl.txt}
|
||||
\subsubsection{FILE: resetvlans.tcl}
|
||||
\lstinputlisting[language=tcl]{code/l3switch/resetvlans-tcl.txt}
|
||||
|
||||
\newpage
|
||||
|
||||
% <!-- LAYER 2 SWITCH -->
|
||||
|
||||
\subsection{Layer 2 Switch}
|
||||
\subsubsection{FILE: base.cfg}
|
||||
\lstinputlisting[language=tcl]{code/l2switch/base.cfg}
|
||||
\subsubsection{FILE: reset.tcl}
|
||||
\lstinputlisting[language=tcl]{code/l2switch/reset-tcl.txt}
|
||||
\subsubsection{FILE: resetvlans.tcl}
|
||||
\lstinputlisting[language=tcl]{code/l2switch/resetvlans-tcl.txt}
|
3
chapter/internet.tex
Normal file
3
chapter/internet.tex
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
|
|||
\chapter{Internet}
|
||||
|
||||
\section{BGP}
|
11
chapter/protocols.tex
Normal file
11
chapter/protocols.tex
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
|
|||
\chapter{Protocols}
|
||||
|
||||
\subimport{./section/}{routednetwork}
|
||||
|
||||
\newpage
|
||||
|
||||
\subimport{./section/}{switchednetwork}
|
||||
|
||||
\newpage
|
||||
|
||||
\subimport{./section/}{spanningtree}
|
8
chapter/section/routednetwork.tex
Normal file
8
chapter/section/routednetwork.tex
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
|
|||
\section{Routed Network}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsection{OSPF}
|
||||
\subsection{IS-IS}
|
||||
\subsection{EIGRP}
|
||||
\subsection{RIP}
|
||||
\subsection{Static}
|
||||
\subsection{BGP}
|
57
chapter/section/spanningtree.tex
Normal file
57
chapter/section/spanningtree.tex
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
|
|||
\section{Spanning Tree}
|
||||
|
||||
Spanning Tree exists for the \textbf{sole} reason to save "your" network and all the broadcast storms an network engineer having a bad day can by mistake create!
|
||||
|
||||
STP comes from the above desire where redundancy was wanted but no protocol existed before STP to help in this regard.
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{table}[h]
|
||||
\centering
|
||||
\caption{Spanning Tree standrds}
|
||||
\label{stpstandards}
|
||||
\resizebox{\columnwidth}{!}{%
|
||||
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|l|}
|
||||
\hline
|
||||
\textbf{} & \textbf{Standard} & \textbf{Ressource Usage} & \multicolumn{2}{l|}{\textbf{Convergence}} \\ \hline
|
||||
CST & 802.1D & Low & Slow & All vlans \\ \hline
|
||||
PVST+ & Cisco & High & Slow & Per vlan \\ \hline
|
||||
RSTP & 802.1w & So-so (Med.) & Fast & All vlans \\ \hline
|
||||
RPVST+ & Cisco & On-the-double (V.High) & Fast & Per vlan \\ \hline
|
||||
MST & 802.1s & Med. - High & Fast & Vlan list \\ \hline
|
||||
\end{tabular}%
|
||||
}
|
||||
\end{table}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsection{Port Roles}
|
||||
|
||||
When a switch is enabled for Spanning Tree. One of the following roles will have been assumed by any port on the switch in question.
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item \textbf{Root port:} Only 1 port on any switch (non-counting the root bridge!). Is always the port with the lowest metric (aka. best path) to the root bridge.
|
||||
\item \textbf{Designated port:} A designated port is the port on any segment closest to the root bridge and forwarding traffic.
|
||||
\item \textbf{\textit{Non}-designated port:} Put in blocking mode and not currently forwarding traffic.
|
||||
\item \textbf{Disabled port:} The port has been one-way-or-another shut down.
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsection{Standards}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsubsection{STP}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsubsection{PVST}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsubsection{RPVST+}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsubsection{MST}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsection{Features}
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item PortFart
|
||||
\item UplinkFast
|
||||
\item BackboneFast
|
||||
\item BPDU Guard
|
||||
\item BPDU Filter
|
||||
\item Root Guard
|
||||
\item Loop Guard
|
||||
\item Unidirectional Link Detection (UDLD)
|
||||
\item FlexLinks
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
167
chapter/section/switchednetwork.tex
Normal file
167
chapter/section/switchednetwork.tex
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
|
|||
\section{Switch Network}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsection{VTP}
|
||||
\fig{vtp/implementing-vtp}{imp-vtp1}{VTP}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsubsection{VTP Modes}
|
||||
The tree modes a VTP \textit{enabled} device can operate are
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Transparent
|
||||
\item Server
|
||||
\item Client
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
Of course you can \textit{disable} VTP altogether.
|
||||
|
||||
Key things to be aware of \textit{before} enabling VTP in your environment is to make double sure of only having 1 VTP domain. \textbf{If} 2 or more VTP domains exists. Be triple sure to separate them! As to avoid having an VTP server DB overridden with data from another VTP domain.
|
||||
|
||||
The three VTP modes \textit{operates} as follow
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Transparent
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Creates, modifies and deletes \textit{local} vlans only
|
||||
\item Forwards advertisements
|
||||
\item Does \textit{not} synchronizes vlan configurations.
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
\item Server
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Creates, modifies and deletes vlans
|
||||
\item Sends and forwards advertisements
|
||||
\item Synchronizes vlan configurations
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Cannot create, modify or delete vlans
|
||||
\item Send and forwards advertisements
|
||||
\item Synchronizes vlan configurations
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsubsection{VTP Announcement}
|
||||
VTP operates with announcements sent out in intervals. Summarized it amounts to
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item 1 \textit{summary} announcement per 5th minute from the server
|
||||
\item The summary announcement informs clients of the current revision
|
||||
\item An announcement is sent out \textit{on the spot} when a change has been made on the VTP server
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
|
||||
Do remember it is \textbf{only} the VTP server which has the vlan configuration stored \textbf{on disk}. All device clients and transparent nodes do only store the vlans delegated by VTP in memory.
|
||||
|
||||
\subsubsection{Common Issues}
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Different/Incompatible VTP versions
|
||||
\item Wrong password
|
||||
\item Incorrect mode name
|
||||
\item No server set (all devices configured in transparent/client/vtp disabled mode)
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsubsection{VTP Versions}
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Version 1
|
||||
\item Version 2
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Version-dependent transparent mode
|
||||
\item Consistencycheck
|
||||
\item Token ring support
|
||||
\item Unrecognized type-length-value support
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
\item Version 3 (not "yet" common)
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Extended VLAN support: Allow ranges are 1-1005,1018-2095. Not mentioned vlans ranges up to 4095 is still reserved.
|
||||
\item Domain name is not automatically learned.
|
||||
\item Better security.
|
||||
\item Better database propagation.
|
||||
\item MST now supported.
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsubsection{VTP Pruning}
|
||||
The art of only allowing the vlan traffic to flow on \textit{necessary} links.
|
||||
|
||||
This means if there are no clients in a vlan on a device. Then no traffic for the inactive vlans is send down-/upstream on the link in question.
|
||||
\fig{vtp/vtp-pruning}{vtpruning1}{VTP Pruning}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsubsection{Security}
|
||||
It is \textbf{strongly} recommended to enable the security features supported in VTP.
|
||||
|
||||
\textbf{Password:} MD5 hashing, Case-sensitive, Length between 8 and 64 chars.
|
||||
|
||||
\notice{VTP Scaling}{
|
||||
As the network grows and grows and grows and grows some more over long/short timespans.
|
||||
You will \textbf{for certain} come to cross-rode, where you \textbf{must} consider to
|
||||
go away from using VTP in the network. The problems of managing an elderly network and
|
||||
wiping and re-introducing nodes in the network. You \textbf{will} face the issue of a
|
||||
wiped vlan database from the VTP domain.
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsubsection{Example configuration}
|
||||
\lstinputlisting{code/vtp/example.cfg}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsection{Channel Bundling (aka. EtherChannel, PortChannel)}
|
||||
Channel bundling is the "art" of using multiple physical links as one single logical link in when viewed from the perspective of the forwarding plane.
|
||||
|
||||
Technologies:
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item \textbf{PAgP:} The Cisco-only thingy
|
||||
\item \textbf{LACP:} The IEEE standard
|
||||
\item \textbf{Static:} Just forced on
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
|
||||
\fig{channelbundling/network-without-channelbundling}{noethernetchannel}%
|
||||
{No Channelbundling present}
|
||||
|
||||
Channel bundling of switch ports in the network may or may not be the best idea, in regards to the networks growth rate in terms of min. required bandwidth.
|
||||
|
||||
Channel bundling spreads out the in and egress flows based upon one of several methods configured on the switch:
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Source to Destination MAC
|
||||
\item Source to Destination IP
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
Keep in mind this will by no means archive true load balancing. Where all links are equally used based upon number of flows \textit{or} in terms of used bandwidth.
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{table}[h]
|
||||
\centering
|
||||
\caption{Channel bundling mechanisms}
|
||||
\label{chbundmech1}
|
||||
\resizebox{\columnwidth}{!}{%
|
||||
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|}
|
||||
\hline
|
||||
Hash Input Code & Hash Input Detecision & Switch Model \\ \hline
|
||||
dst-ip & Dest IP addr & All models \\ \hline
|
||||
dst-mac & Dest MAC addr & All models \\ \hline
|
||||
src-dst-ip & Src and dest IP addr & All models \\ \hline
|
||||
src-dst-mac & Src and dest MAC addr & All models \\ \hline
|
||||
src-ip & Src IP addr & All models \\ \hline
|
||||
src-mac & Src MAC addr & All models \\ \hline
|
||||
src-port & Src port no & 4500,6500 \\ \hline
|
||||
dst-port & Dest port no & 4500,6500 \\ \hline
|
||||
src-dst-port & Src and dest port no & 4500,6500 \\ \hline
|
||||
\end{tabular}%
|
||||
}
|
||||
\end{table}
|
||||
|
||||
\fig{channelbundling/network-with-channelbundling}{withethernetchannel}%
|
||||
{Channelbundling present}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsubsection{Protocol Properties}
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item LACP
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Active: Enabled
|
||||
\item Passive: Waits for LACP packets on the wire before enabled
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
\item PAgP
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Desirable: Enabled
|
||||
\item Auto: Waits for PAgP packets on the wire before enabled
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
|
||||
Some other \underline{required} settings to be (equal across all ports) aware of when configuring Channel bundling are
|
||||
\begin{enumerate}
|
||||
\item Port speeds
|
||||
\item Duplex mode
|
||||
\item Configured vlan ranges
|
||||
\end{enumerate}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsubsection{Example configuration}
|
||||
\lstinputlisting{code/channelbundling/example.cfg}
|
320
main.tex
320
main.tex
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||
% Declare Document Class
|
||||
\documentclass[a4paper,12pt,twoside,twocolumn]{book}
|
||||
\documentclass[a4paper,12pt,twoside,twocolumn,landscape]{book}
|
||||
|
||||
\input{structure} % Load structure cfg for document
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -11,330 +11,34 @@
|
|||
|
||||
\begin{document}
|
||||
|
||||
% Which info to insert on the title page
|
||||
\title{r17dinh409}
|
||||
\author{Christoffer Hansen <zbcchhan11 at zbc.dk>}
|
||||
\date{May 22 - June 30, 2017}
|
||||
\titlepic{\includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{profilepic/pic1}}
|
||||
|
||||
\maketitle
|
||||
|
||||
\tableofcontents
|
||||
|
||||
%\setlength{\parindent}{4em}
|
||||
|
||||
% Define length between paragrahps
|
||||
\setlength{\parskip}{0.35em}
|
||||
|
||||
% Define lineheight
|
||||
\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1.15}
|
||||
% Only applied after generation of TOC
|
||||
\setlength{\parskip}{0.35em} % Define length between paragrahps
|
||||
\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1.15} % Define lineheight
|
||||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
% %
|
||||
% BEGIN CHAPTER: Base Configuration %
|
||||
% BEGIN chapters %
|
||||
% %
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
|
||||
\chapter{Base Configuration}
|
||||
\import{chapter/}{baseconf}
|
||||
|
||||
\section{Cisco Lab}
|
||||
\import{chapter/}{protocols}
|
||||
|
||||
% <!-- ROUTER -->
|
||||
|
||||
\subsection{Router}
|
||||
\subsubsection{File: base.cfg}
|
||||
%\lstinputlisting[language=tcl]{code/router/base.cfg}
|
||||
\subsubsection{File: reset.tcl}
|
||||
%\lstinputlisting[language=tcl]{code/router/reset.tcl}
|
||||
|
||||
\newpage
|
||||
|
||||
% <!-- LAYER 3 SWITCH -->
|
||||
|
||||
\subsection{Layer 3 Switch}
|
||||
\subsubsection{FILE: base.cfg}
|
||||
\lstinputlisting[language=tcl]{code/l3switch/base.cfg}
|
||||
\subsubsection{FILE: reset.tcl}
|
||||
\lstinputlisting[language=tcl]{code/l3switch/reset-tcl.txt}
|
||||
\subsubsection{FILE: resetvlans.tcl}
|
||||
\lstinputlisting[language=tcl]{code/l3switch/resetvlans-tcl.txt}
|
||||
|
||||
\newpage
|
||||
|
||||
% <!-- LAYER 2 SWITCH -->
|
||||
|
||||
\subsection{Layer 2 Switch}
|
||||
\subsubsection{FILE: base.cfg}
|
||||
\lstinputlisting[language=tcl]{code/l2switch/base.cfg}
|
||||
\subsubsection{FILE: reset.tcl}
|
||||
\lstinputlisting[language=tcl]{code/l2switch/reset-tcl.txt}
|
||||
\subsubsection{FILE: resetvlans.tcl}
|
||||
\lstinputlisting[language=tcl]{code/l2switch/resetvlans-tcl.txt}
|
||||
\import{chapter/}{internet}
|
||||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
% %
|
||||
% BEGIN CHAPTER: Protocols %
|
||||
% %
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
|
||||
\chapter{Protocols}
|
||||
|
||||
\section{Routed Network}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsection{OSPF}
|
||||
\subsection{IS-IS}
|
||||
\subsection{EIGRP}
|
||||
\subsection{RIP}
|
||||
\subsection{Static}
|
||||
\subsection{BGP}
|
||||
|
||||
\newpage
|
||||
|
||||
\section{Switch Network}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsection{VTP}
|
||||
\fig{vtp/implementing-vtp}{imp-vtp1}{VTP}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsubsection{VTP Modes}
|
||||
The tree modes a VTP \textit{enabled} device can operate are
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Transparent
|
||||
\item Server
|
||||
\item Client
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
Of course you can \textit{disable} VTP altogether.
|
||||
|
||||
Key things to be aware of \textit{before} enabling VTP in your environment is to make double sure of only having 1 VTP domain. \textbf{If} 2 or more VTP domains exists. Be triple sure to separate them! As to avoid having an VTP server DB overridden with data from another VTP domain.
|
||||
|
||||
The three VTP modes \textit{operates} as follow
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Transparent
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Creates, modifies and deletes \textit{local} vlans only
|
||||
\item Forwards advertisements
|
||||
\item Does \textit{not} synchronizes vlan configurations.
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
\item Server
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Creates, modifies and deletes vlans
|
||||
\item Sends and forwards advertisements
|
||||
\item Synchronizes vlan configurations
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Cannot create, modify or delete vlans
|
||||
\item Send and forwards advertisements
|
||||
\item Synchronizes vlan configurations
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsubsection{VTP Announcement}
|
||||
VTP operates with announcements sent out in intervals. Summarized it amounts to
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item 1 \textit{summary} announcement per 5th minute from the server
|
||||
\item The summary announcement informs clients of the current revision
|
||||
\item An announcement is sent out \textit{on the spot} when a change has been made on the VTP server
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
|
||||
Do remember it is \textbf{only} the VTP server which has the vlan configuration stored \textbf{on disk}. All device clients and transparent nodes do only store the vlans delegated by VTP in memory.
|
||||
|
||||
\subsubsection{Common Issues}
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Different/Incompatible VTP versions
|
||||
\item Wrong password
|
||||
\item Incorrect mode name
|
||||
\item No server set (all devices configured in transparent/client/vtp disabled mode)
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsubsection{VTP Versions}
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Version 1
|
||||
\item Version 2
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Version-dependent transparent mode
|
||||
\item Consistencycheck
|
||||
\item Token ring support
|
||||
\item Unrecognized type-length-value support
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
\item Version 3 (not "yet" common)
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Extended VLAN support: Allow ranges are 1-1005,1018-2095. Not mentioned vlans ranges up to 4095 is still reserved.
|
||||
\item Domain name is not automatically learned.
|
||||
\item Better security.
|
||||
\item Better database propagation.
|
||||
\item MST now supported.
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsubsection{VTP Pruning}
|
||||
The art of only allowing the vlan traffic to flow on \textit{necessary} links.
|
||||
|
||||
This means if there are no clients in a vlan on a device. Then no traffic for the inactive vlans is send down-/upstream on the link in question.
|
||||
\fig{vtp/vtp-pruning}{vtpruning1}{VTP Pruning}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsubsection{Security}
|
||||
It is \textbf{strongly} recommended to enable the security features supported in VTP.
|
||||
|
||||
\textbf{Password:} MD5 hashing, Case-sensitive, Length between 8 and 64 chars.
|
||||
|
||||
\notice{VTP Scaling}{
|
||||
As the network grows and grows and grows and grows some more over long/short timespans.
|
||||
You will \textbf{for certain} come to cross-rode, where you \textbf{must} consider to
|
||||
go away from using VTP in the network. The problems of managing an elderly network and
|
||||
wiping and re-introducing nodes in the network. You \textbf{will} face the issue of a
|
||||
wiped vlan database from the VTP domain.
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsubsection{Example configuration}
|
||||
\lstinputlisting{code/vtp/example.cfg}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsection{Channel Bundling (aka. EtherChannel, PortChannel)}
|
||||
Channel bundling is the "art" of using multiple physical links as one single logical link in when viewed from the perspective of the forwarding plane.
|
||||
|
||||
Technologies:
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item \textbf{PAgP:} The Cisco-only thingy
|
||||
\item \textbf{LACP:} The IEEE standard
|
||||
\item \textbf{Static:} Just forced on
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
|
||||
\fig{channelbundling/network-without-channelbundling}{noethernetchannel}%
|
||||
{No Channelbundling present}
|
||||
|
||||
Channel bundling of switch ports in the network may or may not be the best idea, in regards to the networks growth rate in terms of min. required bandwidth.
|
||||
|
||||
Channel bundling spreads out the in and egress flows based upon one of several methods configured on the switch:
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Source to Destination MAC
|
||||
\item Source to Destination IP
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
Keep in mind this will by no means archive true load balancing. Where all links are equally used based upon number of flows \textit{or} in terms of used bandwidth.
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{table}[h]
|
||||
\centering
|
||||
\caption{Channel bundling mechanisms}
|
||||
\label{chbundmech1}
|
||||
\resizebox{\columnwidth}{!}{%
|
||||
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|}
|
||||
\hline
|
||||
Hash Input Code & Hash Input Detecision & Switch Model \\ \hline
|
||||
dst-ip & Dest IP addr & All models \\ \hline
|
||||
dst-mac & Dest MAC addr & All models \\ \hline
|
||||
src-dst-ip & Src and dest IP addr & All models \\ \hline
|
||||
src-dst-mac & Src and dest MAC addr & All models \\ \hline
|
||||
src-ip & Src IP addr & All models \\ \hline
|
||||
src-mac & Src MAC addr & All models \\ \hline
|
||||
src-port & Src port no & 4500,6500 \\ \hline
|
||||
dst-port & Dest port no & 4500,6500 \\ \hline
|
||||
src-dst-port & Src and dest port no & 4500,6500 \\ \hline
|
||||
\end{tabular}%
|
||||
}
|
||||
\end{table}
|
||||
|
||||
\fig{channelbundling/network-with-channelbundling}{withethernetchannel}%
|
||||
{Channelbundling present}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsubsection{Protocol Properties}
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item LACP
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Active: Enabled
|
||||
\item Passive: Waits for LACP packets on the wire before enabled
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
\item PAgP
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Desirable: Enabled
|
||||
\item Auto: Waits for PAgP packets on the wire before enabled
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
|
||||
Some other \underline{required} settings to be (equal across all ports) aware of when configuring Channel bundling are
|
||||
\begin{enumerate}
|
||||
\item Port speeds
|
||||
\item Duplex mode
|
||||
\item Configured vlan ranges
|
||||
\end{enumerate}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsubsection{Example configuration}
|
||||
\lstinputlisting{code/channelbundling/example.cfg}
|
||||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
% %
|
||||
% BEGIN section: Spanning Tree %
|
||||
% %
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
|
||||
\newpage
|
||||
\section{Spanning Tree}
|
||||
|
||||
Spanning Tree exists for the \textbf{sole} reason to save "your" network and all the broadcast storms an network engineer having a bad day can by mistake create!
|
||||
|
||||
STP comes from the above desire where redundancy was wanted but no protocol existed before STP to help in this regard.
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{table}[h]
|
||||
\centering
|
||||
\caption{Spanning Tree standrds}
|
||||
\label{stpstandards}
|
||||
\resizebox{\columnwidth}{!}{%
|
||||
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|l|}
|
||||
\hline
|
||||
\textbf{} & \textbf{Standard} & \textbf{Ressource Usage} & \multicolumn{2}{l|}{\textbf{Convergence}} \\ \hline
|
||||
CST & 802.1D & Low & Slow & All vlans \\ \hline
|
||||
PVST+ & Cisco & High & Slow & Per vlan \\ \hline
|
||||
RSTP & 802.1w & So-so (Med.) & Fast & All vlans \\ \hline
|
||||
RPVST+ & Cisco & On-the-double (V.High) & Fast & Per vlan \\ \hline
|
||||
MST & 802.1s & Med. - High & Fast & Vlan list \\ \hline
|
||||
\end{tabular}%
|
||||
}
|
||||
\end{table}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsection{Port Roles}
|
||||
|
||||
When a switch is enabled for Spanning Tree. One of the following roles will have been assumed by any port on the switch in question.
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item \textbf{Root port:} Only 1 port on any switch (non-counting the root bridge!). Is always the port with the lowest metric (aka. best path) to the root bridge.
|
||||
\item \textbf{Designated port:} A designated port is the port on any segment closest to the root bridge and forwarding traffic.
|
||||
\item \textbf{\textit{Non}-designated port:} Put in blocking mode and not currently forwarding traffic.
|
||||
\item \textbf{Disabled port:} The port has been one-way-or-another shut down.
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsection{Standards}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsubsection{STP}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsubsection{PVST}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsubsection{RPVST+}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsubsection{MST}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsection{Features}
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item PortFart
|
||||
\item UplinkFast
|
||||
\item BackboneFast
|
||||
\item BPDU Guard
|
||||
\item BPDU Filter
|
||||
\item Root Guard
|
||||
\item Loop Guard
|
||||
\item Unidirectional Link Detection (UDLD)
|
||||
\item FlexLinks
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
% %
|
||||
% BEGIN CHAPTER: Internet %
|
||||
% %
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
|
||||
\chapter{Internet}
|
||||
|
||||
\section{BGP}
|
||||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
% %
|
||||
% BEGIN LIST OF FIGURES %
|
||||
% BEGIN list of figures %
|
||||
% %
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -343,7 +47,7 @@ When a switch is enabled for Spanning Tree. One of the following roles will have
|
|||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
% %
|
||||
% BEGIN LIST OF TABLES %
|
||||
% BEGIN list of tables %
|
||||
% %
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -352,7 +56,7 @@ When a switch is enabled for Spanning Tree. One of the following roles will have
|
|||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
% %
|
||||
% BEGIN REFERENCES %
|
||||
% BEGIN references %
|
||||
% %
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
Loading…
Reference in a new issue