diff --git a/code/addressplans/v4lab.txt b/code/addressplans/v4lab.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a19f1c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/code/addressplans/v4lab.txt @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +LOOPBACKS: 192.0.2.0/24 +Core Routers: 192.0.2.0/26 +CR1: 192.0.2.1/32 +CR2: 192.0.2.2/32 +Distribution Switches: 192.0.2.64/26 +DS1: 192.0.2.64/32 +DS2: 192.0.2.65/32 +Access Switches: 192.0.2.128/25 +AS1: 192.0.2.132/29 +AS2: 192.0.2.133/29 + +P2P LINKS: 192.168.255.0/24 +CR1-DS1: 192.168.255.0/30 +CR1-DS2: 192.168.255.4/30 +CR2-DS1: 192.168.255.8/30 +CR2-DS2: 192.168.255.12/30 +DS1-DS2: 192.168.255.16/30 + diff --git a/code/channelbundling/example.cfg b/code/channelbundling/example.cfg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8c5a371 --- /dev/null +++ b/code/channelbundling/example.cfg @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +# Code goes here diff --git a/img/channelbundling/network-with-channelbundling.png b/img/channelbundling/network-with-channelbundling.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2f9c117 Binary files /dev/null and b/img/channelbundling/network-with-channelbundling.png differ diff --git a/img/channelbundling/network-without-channelbundling.png b/img/channelbundling/network-without-channelbundling.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..576725a Binary files /dev/null and b/img/channelbundling/network-without-channelbundling.png differ diff --git a/img/network/simple3layer.png b/img/network/simple3layer.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..98d209a Binary files /dev/null and b/img/network/simple3layer.png differ diff --git a/img/spanningtree/portroles.jpg b/img/spanningtree/portroles.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..425a581 Binary files /dev/null and b/img/spanningtree/portroles.jpg differ diff --git a/main.tex b/main.tex index 5e4fa86..fdd6fa0 100644 --- a/main.tex +++ b/main.tex @@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ \usepackage{lipsum} \usepackage{fancybox} \usepackage{varwidth} +\usepackage{enumitem} + % Define color \definecolor{codegreen}{rgb}{0,0.6,0} @@ -71,7 +73,7 @@ \newcommand{\notice}[2]{% \shadowbox{% - \begin{varwidth}{\linewidth} + \begin{varwidth}{0.85\linewidth} \texttt{\textbf{#1}}\\ #2 \end{varwidth} @@ -107,6 +109,9 @@ % Use the roman numeric system for pagenumbers \pagenumbering{roman} +\setlist[itemize,1]{leftmargin=\dimexpr 26pt-.2cm} +\setlist[itemize,2]{leftmargin=\dimexpr 26pt-.3cm} + %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % % % BEGIN DOCUMENT % @@ -125,7 +130,8 @@ \tableofcontents % Define length between paragrahps -\setlength{\parskip}{1em} +\setlength{\parskip}{0.35em} + % Define lineheight \renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1.15} @@ -179,7 +185,7 @@ \chapter{Protocols} -\section{Routing} +\section{Routed Network} \subsection{OSPF} \subsection{IS-IS} @@ -190,7 +196,7 @@ \newpage -\section{VLAN} +\section{Switch Network} \subsection{VTP} \fig{vtp/implementing-vtp}{imp-vtp1}{VTP} @@ -286,16 +292,123 @@ wiped vlan database from the VTP domain. \subsubsection{Example configuration} \lstinputlisting{code/vtp/example.cfg} - -\newpage +\subsection{Channel Bundling (aka. EtherChannel, PortChannel)} +Channel bundling is the "art" of using multiple physical links as one single logical link in when viewed from the perspective of the forwarding plane. + +Technologies: +\begin{itemize} + \item \textbf{PAgP:} The Cisco-only thingy + \item \textbf{LACP:} The IEEE standard + \item \textbf{Static:} Just forced on +\end{itemize} + +\fig{channelbundling/network-without-channelbundling}{noethernetchannel}% +{No Channelbundling present} + +Channel bundling of switch ports in the network may or may not be the best idea, in regards to the networks growth rate in terms of min. required bandwidth. + +Channel bundling spreads out the in and egress flows based upon one of several methods configured on the switch: +\begin{itemize} + \item Source to Destination MAC + \item Source to Destination IP +\end{itemize} +Keep in mind this will by no means archive true load balancing. Where all links are equally used based upon number of flows \textit{or} in terms of used bandwidth. + +\fig{channelbundling/network-with-channelbundling}{withethernetchannel}% +{Channelbundling present} + +\subsubsection{Protocol Properties} + +\begin{itemize} + \item LACP + \begin{itemize} + \item Active: Enabled + \item Passive: Waits for LACP packets on the wire before enabled + \end{itemize} + \item PAgP + \begin{itemize} + \item Desirable: Enabled + \item Auto: Waits for PAgP packets on the wire before enabled + \end{itemize} +\end{itemize} + +Some other \underline{required} settings to be (equal across all ports) aware of when configuring Channel bundling are +\begin{enumerate} + \item Port speeds + \item Duplex mode + \item Configured vlan ranges +\end{enumerate} + +\subsubsection{Example configuration} +\lstinputlisting{code/channelbundling/example.cfg} + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% % +% BEGIN section: Spanning Tree % +% % +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + +\newpage \section{Spanning Tree} -\subsection{STP} -\subsection{PVST} -\subsection{RPVST+} -\subsection{MTP} +Spanning Tree exists for the \textbf{sole} reason to save "your" network and all the broadcast storms an network engineer having a bad day can by mistake create! +STP comes from the above desire where redundancy was wanted but no protocol existed before STP to help in this regard. + +% Please add the following required packages to your document preamble: +% \usepackage{graphicx} +\begin{table}[h] + \centering + \caption{Spanning Tree standrds} + \label{stpstandards} + \resizebox{\columnwidth}{!}{% + \begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|l|} + \hline + \textbf{} & \textbf{Standard} & \textbf{Ressource Usage} & \multicolumn{2}{l|}{\textbf{Convergence}} \\ \hline + CST & 802.1D & Low & Slow & All vlans \\ \hline + PVST+ & Cisco & High & Slow & Per vlan \\ \hline + RSTP & 802.1w & So-so (Med.) & Fast & All vlans \\ \hline + RPVST+ & Cisco & On-the-double (V.High) & Fast & Per vlan \\ \hline + MST & 802.1s & Med. - High & Fast & Vlan list \\ \hline + \end{tabular}% + } +\end{table} + +\subsection{Port Roles} + +When a switch is enabled for Spanning Tree. One of the following roles will have been assumed by any port on the switch in question. + +\begin{itemize} + \item \textbf{Root port:} Only 1 port on any switch (non-counting the root bridge!). Is always the port with the lowest metric (aka. best path) to the root bridge. + \item \textbf{Designated port:} A designated port is the port on any segment closest to the root bridge and forwarding traffic. + \item \textbf{\textit{Non}-designated port:} Put in blocking mode and not currently forwarding traffic. + \item \textbf{Disabled port:} The port has been one-way-or-another shut down. +\end{itemize} + +\subsection{Standards} + +\subsubsection{STP} + +\subsubsection{PVST} + +\subsubsection{RPVST+} + +\subsubsection{MST} + +\subsection{Features} + +\begin{itemize} + \item PortFart + \item UplinkFast + \item BackboneFast + \item BPDU Guard + \item BPDU Filter + \item Root Guard + \item Loop Guard + \item Unidirectional Link Detection (UDLD) + \item FlexLinks +\end{itemize} %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % % @@ -313,7 +426,7 @@ wiped vlan database from the VTP domain. % % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% -\renewcommand{\listfigurename}{List of plots} +\renewcommand{\listfigurename}{List of {\footnotesize hidden} Figures} \listoffigures %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% @@ -322,7 +435,7 @@ wiped vlan database from the VTP domain. % % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% -\renewcommand{\listtablename}{Tables} +\renewcommand{\listtablename}{Tables {\footnotesize hidding} on the pages} \listoftables %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%