-l 0 no longer works (and never will) because of --tollef.

exponential backoff in --semaphore mode.
--regexp test.
testsuite passes.

doc/release_new_version

@@ -147,10 +147,25 @@ at: http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/parallel/
 
 New in this release:
 
-* --tollef to be switch compatible with Tollef's parallel.
+* --tollef to be switch compatible with Tollef's parallel. This will
+  cause -l to mean --load, and the argument separator will be --
+  instead of :::
+
+* --gnu will force GNU Parallel to behave like GNU Parallel even if
+  --tollef is set.
 
 * Site wide config file: /etc/parallel/config
 
+  By putting --tollef in the site wide config file you can deinstall
+  Tollef's parallel and install GNU Parallel instead without any
+  change for users or scripts. This is useful for packagers that do
+  not distribute GNU Parallel because the command name conflicts with
+  Tollef's parallel.
+
+* -L 0 -n 0, and -N 0 implemented. They will read one argument,
+  but insert 0 arguments on the command line. Useful if you just want
+  to run the same command with the same arguments a number of times.
+
 * Opscode Cookbook for Chef. Thanks to Joshua Timberman.
   https://github.com/opscode/cookbooks/tree/master/gnu_parallel
 
@@ -166,8 +181,12 @@ New in this release:
 * A small example of grepping maillogs. Thanks to François Maillet.
   http://www.francoismaillet.com/blog/?p=399
 
+* Using GNU Parallel instead of xargs. Thanks to James Cuff.
+  http://blog.jcuff.net/2011/02/on-train-ride-in.html
+
 * Bug fixes and man page updates.
 
+
 = About GNU Parallel =
 
 GNU Parallel is a shell tool for executing jobs in parallel using one

src/parallel

@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ sub get_options_from_array {
 	 "basenamereplace|bnr=s" => \$::opt_basenamereplace,
 	 "basenameextensionreplace=s" => \$::opt_basenameextensionreplace,
 	 "jobs|j=s" => \$::opt_P,
-	 "load=s" => \$::opt_load,
+	 "load=f" => \$::opt_load,
 	 "max-line-length-allowed" => \$::opt_max_line_length_allowed,
 	 "number-of-cpus" => \$::opt_number_of_cpus,
 	 "number-of-cores" => \$::opt_number_of_cores,
@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ sub get_options_from_array {
 	 "tmpdir=s" => \$::opt_tmpdir,
 	 "tempdir=s" => \$::opt_tmpdir,
 	 "tty|T" => \$::opt_tty,
-	 "halt-on-error|H=s" => \$::opt_halt_on_error,
+	 "halt-on-error|H=i" => \$::opt_halt_on_error,
 	 "retries=i" => \$::opt_retries,
 	 "dry-run|dryrun" => \$::opt_dryrun,
 	 "progress" => \$::opt_progress,
@@ -353,8 +353,8 @@ sub get_options_from_array {
 	 "max-replace-args|N=i" => \$::opt_N,
 	 "colsep|col-sep|C=s" => \$::opt_colsep,
 	 "help|h" => \$::opt_help,
-	 "L=i" => \$::opt_L,
+	 "L=f" => \$::opt_L,
-	 "max-lines|l:s" => \$::opt_l,
+	 "max-lines|l:f" => \$::opt_l,
 	 "interactive|p" => \$::opt_p,
 	 "verbose|t" => \$::opt_verbose,
 	 "version|V" => \$::opt_version,
@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ sub get_options_from_array {
 sub parse_options {
     # Returns: N/A
     # Defaults:
-    $Global::version = 20110218;
+    $Global::version = 20110224;
     $Global::progname = 'parallel';
     $Global::infinity = 2**31;
     $Global::debug = 0;
@@ -484,14 +484,23 @@ sub parse_options {
 	    $Global::arg_sep = "--";
 	}
     }
-    for my $nlines ($::opt_L, $::opt_l) {
+    if(defined $::opt_l) {
-	if(defined $nlines) {
+	if($::opt_l eq "-0") {
-	    if($nlines eq "") {
+	    # -l -0 (swallowed -0)
-		$nlines = 1;
+	    $::opt_l = 1;
-	    }
+	    $::opt_0 = 1;
-	    $Global::max_lines = $nlines;
+	    $/ = "\0";
-	    $Global::max_number_of_args ||= $Global::max_lines;
+	} elsif ($::opt_l == 0) {
+	    # If not given (or if 0 is given) => 1
+	    $::opt_l = 1;
 	}
+	$Global::max_lines = $::opt_l;
+	$Global::max_number_of_args ||= $Global::max_lines;
+    }
+
+    if(defined $::opt_L) {
+	$Global::max_lines = $::opt_L;
+	$Global::max_number_of_args ||= $Global::max_lines;
     }
     %Global::replace_rev = reverse %Global::replace;
 
@@ -3953,29 +3962,35 @@ sub new {
 	'id' => $id,
 	'idfile' => $lockdir."/".$id,
 	'pid' => $$,
-	'pidfile' => $lockdir."/".$$,
+	'pidfile' => $lockdir."/".$$.'@'.::hostname(),
 	'count' => $count + 1 # nlinks returns a link for the 'id-' as well
     }, ref($class) || $class;
 }
 
 sub acquire {
     my $self = shift;
+    my $exponential_backoff = 1;
     while(1) {
 	$self->atomic_link_if_count_less_than() and last;
 	::debug("Remove dead locks");
 	my $lockdir = $self->{'lockdir'};
 	for my $d (<$lockdir/*>) {
-	    $d =~ m:$lockdir/([0-9]+)$:o or next;
+	    $d =~ m:$lockdir/([0-9]+)\@([-\._a-z0-9])$:o or next;
-	    if(not kill 0, $1) {
+	    my ($pid, $host) = ($1,$2);
-		::debug("Dead: $d");
+	    if($host eq ::hostname()) {
-		unlink $d;
+		if(not kill 0, $1) {
-	    } else {
+		    ::debug("Dead: $d");
-		::debug("Alive: $d");
+		    unlink $d;
+		} else {
+		    ::debug("Alive: $d");
+		}
 	    }
 	}
 	# try again
 	$self->atomic_link_if_count_less_than() and last;
-	sleep 1;
+	::usleep(rand()*$exponential_backoff);
+	# Retry slower and slower up to 1 second
+	$exponential_backoff = ($exponential_backoff < 1000) ? ($exponential_backoff * 1.1) : ($exponential_backoff);
 	# TODO if timeout: last
     }
     ::debug("acquired $self->{'pid'}\n");

src/parallel.pod

@@ -46,7 +46,8 @@ B<parallel> is capable of.
 
 You can also watch the intro video for a quick introduction:
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OpaiGYxkSuQ or at
-http://tinyogg.com/watch/TORaR/ and http://tinyogg.com/watch/hfxKj/
+http://tinyogg.com/watch/TORaR/ http://tinyogg.com/watch/hfxKj/ and
+http://tinyogg.com/watch/YQuXd/
 
 =head1 OPTIONS
 
@@ -82,7 +83,7 @@ B<{.}> can be used the same places as B<{}>. The replacement string
 B<{.}> can be changed with B<-U>.
 
 
-=item B<{/}> (beta testing)
+=item B<{/}>
 
 Basename of input line. This is a specialized replacement string
 with the directory part removed.
@@ -91,7 +92,7 @@ B<{/}> can be used the same places as B<{}>. The replacement string
 B<{/}> can be changed with B<--basenamereplace>.
 
 
-=item B<{/.}> (beta testing)
+=item B<{/.}>
 
 Basename of input line without extension. This is a specialized
 replacement string with the directory and extension part removed. It
@@ -117,7 +118,7 @@ extension. It is a combination of B<{>I<n>B<}> and B<{.}>.
 B<{>I<n>.B<}> can be used the same places as B<{>I<n>B<}>.
 
 
-=item B<{>I<n>/B<}> (beta testing)
+=item B<{>I<n>/B<}>
 
 Basename of argument from argument file I<n> or the I<n>'th argument.
 It is a combination of B<{>I<n>B<}> and B<{/}>.  See B<-a> and B<-N>.
@@ -125,7 +126,7 @@ It is a combination of B<{>I<n>B<}> and B<{/}>.  See B<-a> and B<-N>.
 B<{>I<n>/B<}> can be used the same places as B<{>I<n>B<}>.
 
 
-=item B<{>I<n>/.B<}> (beta testing)
+=item B<{>I<n>/.B<}>
 
 Basename of argument from argument file I<n> or the I<n>'th argument
 without extension.  It is a combination of B<{>I<n>B<}>, B<{/}>, and
@@ -228,7 +229,7 @@ I<file> will be transferred the same way as B<--transfer>.
 Use the replacement string I<replace-str> instead of B<{/}> for basename of input line.
 
 
-=item B<--basenameextensionreplace> I<replace-str> (beta testing)
+=item B<--basenameextensionreplace> I<replace-str>
 
 Use the replacement string I<replace-str> instead of B<{/.}> for basename of input line without extension.
 
@@ -527,8 +528,7 @@ is optional.  If I<max-lines> is not specified, it defaults to one.
 The B<-l> option is deprecated since the POSIX standard specifies
 B<-L> instead.
 
-B<-l 0> means read one line, but insert 0 arguments on the command
+B<-l 0> is an alias for B<-l 1>.
-line.
 
 Implies B<-X> unless B<-m> is set.
 
@@ -675,7 +675,7 @@ Print the number of CPU cores and exit (used by GNU B<parallel> itself
 to determine the number of CPU cores on remote computers).
 
 
-=item B<--nice> I<niceness> (beta testing)
+=item B<--nice> I<niceness>
 
 Run the command at this niceness. For simple commands you can just add
 B<nice> in front of the command. But if the command consists of more
@@ -750,11 +750,11 @@ Use B<--regexp> to interpret B<--recstart> and B<--recend> as regular
 expressions. This is slow, however.
 
 
-=item B<--remove-rec-sep> (alpha testing)
+=item B<--remove-rec-sep> (beta testing)
 
-=item B<--removerecsep> (alpha testing)
+=item B<--removerecsep> (beta testing)
 
-=item B<--rrs> (alpha testing)
+=item B<--rrs> (beta testing)
 
 Remove the text matched by B<--recstart> and B<--recend> before piping
 it to the command.
@@ -1072,9 +1072,9 @@ Use B<-v> B<-v> to print the wrapping ssh command when running remotely.
 Print the version GNU B<parallel> and exit.
 
 
-=item B<--workdir> I<mydir> (beta testing)
+=item B<--workdir> I<mydir>
 
-=item B<-W> I<mydir> (beta testing)
+=item B<-W> I<mydir>
 
 Files transferred using B<--transfer> and B<--return> will be relative
 to I<mydir> on remote computers, and the command will be executed in

testsuite/tests-to-run/test51.sh

@@ -64,10 +64,9 @@ egrep -v '^0$'
 echo '### Test --rrs -N1 --recend single'
 echo 12a34a45a6 |
   parallel -k --pipe --recend a -N1 --rrs 'echo -n "$PARALLEL_SEQ>"; cat; echo; sleep 0.1'
-# Broken
+echo '### Test --rrs -N1 --regexp --recend alternate'
-#echo '### Test --rrs -N1 --recend alternate'
+echo 12a34b45a6 |
-#echo 12a34b45a6 |
+  parallel -k --pipe --regexp --recend 'a|b' -N1 --rrs 'echo -n "$PARALLEL_SEQ>"; cat; echo; sleep 0.1'
-#  parallel -k --pipe --recend 'a|b' -N1 --rrs 'echo -n "$PARALLEL_SEQ>"; cat; echo; sleep 0.1'
 echo '### Test --rrs -N1 --recend single'
 echo 12a34b45a6 |
   parallel -k --pipe --recend 'b' -N1 --rrs 'echo -n "$PARALLEL_SEQ>"; cat; echo; sleep 0.1'
@@ -75,11 +74,10 @@ echo 12a34b45a6 |
 echo '### Test --rrs --recend single'
 echo 12a34a45a6 |
   parallel -k --pipe --recend a --rrs 'echo -n "$PARALLEL_SEQ>"; cat; echo; sleep 0.1'
-# Broken
+echo '### Test --rrs --regexp --recend alternate'
-#echo '### Test --rrs -N1 --recend alternate'
+echo 12a34b45a6 |
-#echo 12a34b45a6 |
+  parallel -k --pipe --regexp --recend 'a|b' --rrs 'echo -n "$PARALLEL_SEQ>"; cat; echo; sleep 0.1'
-#  parallel -k --pipe --recend 'a|b' --rrs 'echo -n "$PARALLEL_SEQ>"; cat; echo; sleep 0.1'
+echo '### Test --rrs --recend single'
-echo '### Test --rrs -N1 --recend single'
 echo 12a34b45a6 |
   parallel -k --pipe --recend 'b' --rrs 'echo -n "$PARALLEL_SEQ>"; cat; echo; sleep 0.1'
 

testsuite/tests-to-run/test53.sh

@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 
 echo '### Test 0-arguments'
-seq 1 2 | parallel -n0 echo n0
+seq 1 2 | parallel -k -n0 echo n0
-seq 1 2 | parallel -L0 echo L0
+seq 1 2 | parallel -k -L0 echo L0
-seq 1 2 | parallel -l0 echo l0
+seq 1 2 | parallel -k -N0 echo N0
-seq 1 2 | parallel -N0 echo N0
+echo '### Because of --tollef -l, then -l0 == -l1, sorry'
+seq 1 2 | parallel -k -l0 echo l0
 
 echo '### Test replace {}'
-seq 1 2 | parallel -N0 echo replace {} curlies
+seq 1 2 | parallel -k -N0 echo replace {} curlies
 
 echo '### Test arguments on commandline'
-parallel -N0 echo args on cmdline ::: 1 2
+parallel -k -N0 echo args on cmdline ::: 1 2

testsuite/tests-to-run/test54.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+echo '### Test https://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/index.php?31716'
+seq 1 5 | stdout parallel -k -l echo {} OK
+seq 1 5 | stdout parallel -k -l 1 echo {} OK
+echo '### -k -l -0'
+printf '1\0002\0003\0004\0005\000' | stdout parallel -k -l -0 echo {} OK
+echo '### -k -0 -l'
+printf '1\0002\0003\0004\0005\000' | stdout parallel -k -0 -l echo {} OK
+echo '### -k -0 -l 1'
+printf '1\0002\0003\0004\0005\000' | stdout parallel -k -0 -l 1 echo {} OK
+echo '### -k -0 -l 0'
+printf '1\0002\0003\0004\0005\000' | stdout parallel -k -0 -l 0 echo {} OK
+echo '### -k -0 -L -0 - -0 is argument for -L'
+printf '1\0002\0003\0004\0005\000' | stdout parallel -k -0 -L -0 echo {} OK
+echo '### -k -0 -L 0 - -L always takes arg'
+printf '1\0002\0003\0004\0005\000' | stdout parallel -k -0 -L 0 echo {} OK
+echo '### -k -0 -L 0 - -L always takes arg'
+printf '1\0002\0003\0004\0005\000' | stdout parallel -k -L 0 -0 echo {} OK
+echo '### -k -e -0'
+printf '1\0002\0003\0004\0005\000' | stdout parallel -k -e -0 echo {} OK
+echo '### -k -0 -e eof'
+printf '1\0002\0003\0004\0005\000' | stdout parallel -k -0 -e eof echo {} OK
+echo '### -k -i -0'
+printf '1\0002\0003\0004\0005\000' | stdout parallel -k -i -0 echo {} OK
+echo '### -k -0 -i repl'
+printf '1\0002\0003\0004\0005\000' | stdout parallel -k -0 -i repl echo repl OK
+

testsuite/wanted-results/test51

@@ -141,6 +141,12 @@ d
 3>45
 4>6
 
+### Test --rrs -N1 --regexp --recend alternate
+1>12
+2>34
+3>45
+4>6
+
 ### Test --rrs -N1 --recend single
 1>12a34
 2>45a6
@@ -149,7 +155,11 @@ d
 1>123445
 2>6
 
-### Test --rrs -N1 --recend single
+### Test --rrs --regexp --recend alternate
+1>123445
+2>6
+
+### Test --rrs --recend single
 1>12a34
 2>45a6
 

testsuite/wanted-results/test53

@@ -3,10 +3,11 @@ n0
 n0
 L0
 L0
-l0
-l0
 N0
 N0
+### Because of --tollef -l, then -l0 == -l1, sorry
+l0 1
+l0 2
 ### Test replace {}
 replace curlies
 replace curlies

testsuite/wanted-results/test54

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+### Test https://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/index.php?31716
+1 OK
+2 OK
+3 OK
+4 OK
+5 OK
+1 OK
+2 OK
+3 OK
+4 OK
+5 OK
+### -k -l -0
+1 OK
+2 OK
+3 OK
+4 OK
+5 OK
+### -k -0 -l
+1 OK
+2 OK
+3 OK
+4 OK
+5 OK
+### -k -0 -l 1
+1 OK
+2 OK
+3 OK
+4 OK
+5 OK
+### -k -0 -l 0
+1 OK
+2 OK
+3 OK
+4 OK
+5 OK
+### -k -0 -L -0 - -0 is argument for -L
+OK
+OK
+OK
+OK
+OK
+### -k -0 -L 0 - -L always takes arg
+OK
+OK
+OK
+OK
+OK
+### -k -0 -L 0 - -L always takes arg
+OK
+OK
+OK
+OK
+OK
+### -k -e -0
+1 OK
+2 OK
+3 OK
+4 OK
+5 OK
+### -k -0 -e eof
+1 OK
+2 OK
+3 OK
+4 OK
+5 OK
+### -k -i -0
+1 OK
+2 OK
+3 OK
+4 OK
+5 OK
+### -k -0 -i repl
+1 OK
+2 OK
+3 OK
+4 OK
+5 OK