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403 lines
11 KiB
Perl
403 lines
11 KiB
Perl
=head1 NAME
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File::Basename - Parse file paths into directory, filename and suffix.
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=head1 SYNOPSIS
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use File::Basename;
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($name,$path,$suffix) = fileparse($fullname,@suffixlist);
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$name = fileparse($fullname,@suffixlist);
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$basename = basename($fullname,@suffixlist);
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$dirname = dirname($fullname);
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=head1 DESCRIPTION
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These routines allow you to parse file paths into their directory, filename
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and suffix.
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B<NOTE>: C<dirname()> and C<basename()> emulate the behaviours, and
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quirks, of the shell and C functions of the same name. See each
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function's documentation for details. If your concern is just parsing
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paths it is safer to use L<File::Spec>'s C<splitpath()> and
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C<splitdir()> methods.
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It is guaranteed that
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# Where $path_separator is / for Unix, \ for Windows, etc...
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dirname($path) . $path_separator . basename($path);
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is equivalent to the original path for all systems but VMS.
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=cut
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package File::Basename;
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# A bit of juggling to insure that C<use re 'taint';> always works, since
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# File::Basename is used during the Perl build, when the re extension may
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# not be available.
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BEGIN {
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unless (eval { require re; })
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{ eval ' sub re::import { $^H |= 0x00100000; } ' } # HINT_RE_TAINT
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import re 'taint';
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}
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use strict;
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use 5.006;
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use warnings;
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our(@ISA, @EXPORT, $VERSION, $Fileparse_fstype, $Fileparse_igncase);
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require Exporter;
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@ISA = qw(Exporter);
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@EXPORT = qw(fileparse fileparse_set_fstype basename dirname);
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$VERSION = "2.77";
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fileparse_set_fstype($^O);
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=over 4
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=item C<fileparse>
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X<fileparse>
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my($filename, $directories, $suffix) = fileparse($path);
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my($filename, $directories, $suffix) = fileparse($path, @suffixes);
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my $filename = fileparse($path, @suffixes);
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The C<fileparse()> routine divides a file path into its $directories, $filename
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and (optionally) the filename $suffix.
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$directories contains everything up to and including the last
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directory separator in the $path including the volume (if applicable).
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The remainder of the $path is the $filename.
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# On Unix returns ("baz", "/foo/bar/", "")
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fileparse("/foo/bar/baz");
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# On Windows returns ("baz", "C:\foo\bar\", "")
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fileparse("C:\foo\bar\baz");
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# On Unix returns ("", "/foo/bar/baz/", "")
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fileparse("/foo/bar/baz/");
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If @suffixes are given each element is a pattern (either a string or a
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C<qr//>) matched against the end of the $filename. The matching
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portion is removed and becomes the $suffix.
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# On Unix returns ("baz", "/foo/bar/", ".txt")
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fileparse("/foo/bar/baz.txt", qr/\.[^.]*/);
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If type is non-Unix (see C<fileparse_set_fstype()>) then the pattern
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matching for suffix removal is performed case-insensitively, since
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those systems are not case-sensitive when opening existing files.
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You are guaranteed that C<$directories . $filename . $suffix> will
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denote the same location as the original $path.
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=cut
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sub fileparse {
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my($fullname,@suffices) = @_;
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unless (defined $fullname) {
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require Carp;
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Carp::croak("fileparse(): need a valid pathname");
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}
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my $orig_type = '';
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my($type,$igncase) = ($Fileparse_fstype, $Fileparse_igncase);
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my($taint) = substr($fullname,0,0); # Is $fullname tainted?
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if ($type eq "VMS" and $fullname =~ m{/} ) {
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# We're doing Unix emulation
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$orig_type = $type;
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$type = 'Unix';
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}
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my($dirpath, $basename);
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if (grep { $type eq $_ } qw(MSDOS DOS MSWin32 Epoc)) {
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($dirpath,$basename) = ($fullname =~ /^((?:.*[:\\\/])?)(.*)/s);
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$dirpath .= '.\\' unless $dirpath =~ /[\\\/]\z/;
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}
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elsif ($type eq "OS2") {
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($dirpath,$basename) = ($fullname =~ m#^((?:.*[:\\/])?)(.*)#s);
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$dirpath = './' unless $dirpath; # Can't be 0
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$dirpath .= '/' unless $dirpath =~ m#[\\/]\z#;
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}
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elsif ($type eq "MacOS") {
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($dirpath,$basename) = ($fullname =~ /^(.*:)?(.*)/s);
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$dirpath = ':' unless $dirpath;
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}
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elsif ($type eq "AmigaOS") {
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($dirpath,$basename) = ($fullname =~ /(.*[:\/])?(.*)/s);
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$dirpath = './' unless $dirpath;
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}
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elsif ($type eq 'VMS' ) {
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($dirpath,$basename) = ($fullname =~ /^(.*[:>\]])?(.*)/s);
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$dirpath ||= ''; # should always be defined
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}
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else { # Default to Unix semantics.
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($dirpath,$basename) = ($fullname =~ m{^(.*/)?(.*)}s);
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if ($orig_type eq 'VMS' and $fullname =~ m{^(/[^/]+/000000(/|$))(.*)}) {
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# dev:[000000] is top of VMS tree, similar to Unix '/'
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# so strip it off and treat the rest as "normal"
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my $devspec = $1;
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my $remainder = $3;
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($dirpath,$basename) = ($remainder =~ m{^(.*/)?(.*)}s);
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$dirpath ||= ''; # should always be defined
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$dirpath = $devspec.$dirpath;
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}
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$dirpath = './' unless $dirpath;
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}
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my $tail = '';
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my $suffix = '';
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if (@suffices) {
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foreach $suffix (@suffices) {
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my $pat = ($igncase ? '(?i)' : '') . "($suffix)\$";
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if ($basename =~ s/$pat//s) {
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$taint .= substr($suffix,0,0);
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$tail = $1 . $tail;
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}
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}
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}
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# Ensure taint is propgated from the path to its pieces.
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$tail .= $taint;
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wantarray ? ($basename .= $taint, $dirpath .= $taint, $tail)
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: ($basename .= $taint);
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}
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=item C<basename>
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X<basename> X<filename>
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my $filename = basename($path);
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my $filename = basename($path, @suffixes);
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This function is provided for compatibility with the Unix shell command
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C<basename(1)>. It does B<NOT> always return the file name portion of a
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path as you might expect. To be safe, if you want the file name portion of
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a path use C<fileparse()>.
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C<basename()> returns the last level of a filepath even if the last
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level is clearly directory. In effect, it is acting like C<pop()> for
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paths. This differs from C<fileparse()>'s behaviour.
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# Both return "bar"
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basename("/foo/bar");
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basename("/foo/bar/");
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@suffixes work as in C<fileparse()> except all regex metacharacters are
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quoted.
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# These two function calls are equivalent.
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my $filename = basename("/foo/bar/baz.txt", ".txt");
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my $filename = fileparse("/foo/bar/baz.txt", qr/\Q.txt\E/);
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Also note that in order to be compatible with the shell command,
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C<basename()> does not strip off a suffix if it is identical to the
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remaining characters in the filename.
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=cut
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sub basename {
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my($path) = shift;
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# From BSD basename(1)
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# The basename utility deletes any prefix ending with the last slash `/'
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# character present in string (after first stripping trailing slashes)
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_strip_trailing_sep($path);
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my($basename, $dirname, $suffix) = fileparse( $path, map("\Q$_\E",@_) );
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# From BSD basename(1)
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# The suffix is not stripped if it is identical to the remaining
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# characters in string.
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if( length $suffix and !length $basename ) {
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$basename = $suffix;
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}
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# Ensure that basename '/' == '/'
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if( !length $basename ) {
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$basename = $dirname;
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}
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return $basename;
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}
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=item C<dirname>
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X<dirname>
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This function is provided for compatibility with the Unix shell
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command C<dirname(1)> and has inherited some of its quirks. In spite of
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its name it does B<NOT> always return the directory name as you might
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expect. To be safe, if you want the directory name of a path use
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C<fileparse()>.
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Only on VMS (where there is no ambiguity between the file and directory
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portions of a path) and AmigaOS (possibly due to an implementation quirk in
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this module) does C<dirname()> work like C<fileparse($path)>, returning just the
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$directories.
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# On VMS and AmigaOS
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my $directories = dirname($path);
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When using Unix or MSDOS syntax this emulates the C<dirname(1)> shell function
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which is subtly different from how C<fileparse()> works. It returns all but
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the last level of a file path even if the last level is clearly a directory.
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In effect, it is not returning the directory portion but simply the path one
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level up acting like C<chop()> for file paths.
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Also unlike C<fileparse()>, C<dirname()> does not include a trailing slash on
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its returned path.
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# returns /foo/bar. fileparse() would return /foo/bar/
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dirname("/foo/bar/baz");
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# also returns /foo/bar despite the fact that baz is clearly a
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# directory. fileparse() would return /foo/bar/baz/
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dirname("/foo/bar/baz/");
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# returns '.'. fileparse() would return 'foo/'
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dirname("foo/");
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Under VMS, if there is no directory information in the $path, then the
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current default device and directory is used.
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=cut
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sub dirname {
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my $path = shift;
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my($type) = $Fileparse_fstype;
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if( $type eq 'VMS' and $path =~ m{/} ) {
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# Parse as Unix
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local($File::Basename::Fileparse_fstype) = '';
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return dirname($path);
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}
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my($basename, $dirname) = fileparse($path);
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if ($type eq 'VMS') {
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$dirname ||= $ENV{DEFAULT};
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}
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elsif ($type eq 'MacOS') {
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if( !length($basename) && $dirname !~ /^[^:]+:\z/) {
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_strip_trailing_sep($dirname);
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($basename,$dirname) = fileparse $dirname;
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}
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$dirname .= ":" unless $dirname =~ /:\z/;
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}
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elsif (grep { $type eq $_ } qw(MSDOS DOS MSWin32 OS2)) {
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_strip_trailing_sep($dirname);
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unless( length($basename) ) {
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($basename,$dirname) = fileparse $dirname;
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_strip_trailing_sep($dirname);
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}
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}
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elsif ($type eq 'AmigaOS') {
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if ( $dirname =~ /:\z/) { return $dirname }
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chop $dirname;
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$dirname =~ s{[^:/]+\z}{} unless length($basename);
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}
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else {
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_strip_trailing_sep($dirname);
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unless( length($basename) ) {
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($basename,$dirname) = fileparse $dirname;
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_strip_trailing_sep($dirname);
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}
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}
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$dirname;
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}
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# Strip the trailing path separator.
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sub _strip_trailing_sep {
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my $type = $Fileparse_fstype;
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if ($type eq 'MacOS') {
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$_[0] =~ s/([^:]):\z/$1/s;
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}
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elsif (grep { $type eq $_ } qw(MSDOS DOS MSWin32 OS2)) {
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$_[0] =~ s/([^:])[\\\/]*\z/$1/;
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}
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else {
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$_[0] =~ s{(.)/*\z}{$1}s;
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}
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}
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=item C<fileparse_set_fstype>
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X<filesystem>
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my $type = fileparse_set_fstype();
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my $previous_type = fileparse_set_fstype($type);
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Normally File::Basename will assume a file path type native to your current
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operating system (ie. /foo/bar style on Unix, \foo\bar on Windows, etc...).
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With this function you can override that assumption.
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Valid $types are "MacOS", "VMS", "AmigaOS", "OS2", "RISCOS",
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"MSWin32", "DOS" (also "MSDOS" for backwards bug compatibility),
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"Epoc" and "Unix" (all case-insensitive). If an unrecognized $type is
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given "Unix" will be assumed.
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If you've selected VMS syntax, and the file specification you pass to
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one of these routines contains a "/", they assume you are using Unix
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emulation and apply the Unix syntax rules instead, for that function
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call only.
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=back
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=cut
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BEGIN {
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my @Ignore_Case = qw(MacOS VMS AmigaOS OS2 RISCOS MSWin32 MSDOS DOS Epoc);
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my @Types = (@Ignore_Case, qw(Unix));
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sub fileparse_set_fstype {
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my $old = $Fileparse_fstype;
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if (@_) {
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my $new_type = shift;
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$Fileparse_fstype = 'Unix'; # default
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foreach my $type (@Types) {
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$Fileparse_fstype = $type if $new_type =~ /^$type/i;
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}
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$Fileparse_igncase =
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(grep $Fileparse_fstype eq $_, @Ignore_Case) ? 1 : 0;
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}
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return $old;
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}
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}
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1;
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=head1 SEE ALSO
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L<dirname(1)>, L<basename(1)>, L<File::Spec>
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